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<div class="site-name">Surveillance<br/>Self-Defense</div>
<div id="tagline">Tips, Tools and How-tos for Safer Online Communications</div>
<div id="eff-credit">A Project of the <a href="https://www.eff.org">Electronic Frontier Foundation</a></div>
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<div dir="ltr"><div class="content"><p>We’re the Electronic Frontier Foundation, an independent non-profit working to protect online privacy for over thirty years. This is Surveillance Self-Defense: our expert guide to protecting you and your friends from online spying.</p>
<p>Read the <a href="/module-categories/basics">BASICS</a> to find out how online surveillance works. Dive into our <a href="/module-categories/tool-guides">TOOL GUIDES</a> for instructions to installing our pick of the best, most secure applications. We have more detailed information in our <a href="/module-categories/further-learning">FURTHER LEARNING</a> sections. If you’d like a guided tour, look for our list of common <a href="/module-categories/security-scenarios">SECURITY SCENARIOS</a>.</p>
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<li class="leaf"><a href="/module/how-to-get-to-know-android-privacy-and-security-settings">How to: Get to Know Android Privacy and Security Settings</a></li>
<li class="leaf"><a href="/module/how-to-use-whatsapp">How to: Use WhatsApp</a></li>
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<a href="/module-categories/basics">Basics</a>
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<a href="/module/animated-overview-how-strong-encryption-can-help-avoid-online-surveillance">Animated Overview: How Strong Encryption Can Help Avoid Online Surveillance</a>
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<a href="/module/animated-overview-how-make-super-secure-password-using-dice">Animated Overview: How to Make a Super-Secure Password Using Dice</a>
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<a href="/module/animated-overview-protecting-your-device-hackers">Animated Overview: Protecting Your Device From Hackers</a>
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<a href="/module/animated-overview-using-password-managers-stay-safe-online">Animated Overview: Using Password Managers to Stay Safe Online</a>
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<a href="/module/choosing-your-tools">Choosing Your Tools</a>
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<a href="/module/communicating-others">Communicating With Others</a>
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<a href="/module/creating-strong-passwords">Creating Strong Passwords</a>
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<a href="/module/keeping-your-data-safe">Keeping Your Data Safe</a>
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<a href="/module/seven-steps-digital-security">Seven Steps To Digital Security</a>
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<a href="/module/what-should-i-know-about-encryption">What Should I Know About Encryption?</a>
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<a href="/module/why-metadata-matters">Why Communication Metadata Matters</a>
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<a href="/module/your-security-plan">Your Security Plan</a>
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<a href="/module-categories/tool-guides">Tool Guides</a>
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<a href="/module/how-avoid-phishing-attacks">How to: Avoid Phishing Attacks</a>
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<a href="/module/how-delete-your-data-securely-linux">How to: Delete your Data Securely on Linux</a>
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<a href="/module/how-delete-your-data-securely-macos">How to: Delete Your Data Securely on macOS</a>
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<a href="/module/how-delete-your-data-securely-windows">How to: Delete Your Data Securely on Windows</a>
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<a href="/module/how-to-detect-bluetooth-trackers">How to: Detect Bluetooth Trackers</a>
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<a href="/module/how-to-enable-lockdown-mode-on-iphone">How to: Enable Lockdown Mode on iPhone</a>
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<a href="/module/how-enable-two-factor-authentication">How to: Enable Two-factor Authentication</a>
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<a href="/module/how-encrypt-your-iphone">How to: Encrypt Your iPhone</a>
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<a href="/module/how-encrypt-your-windows-device">How to: Encrypt Your Windows, Mac, or Linux Computer</a>
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<a href="/module/how-to-get-to-know-android-privacy-and-security-settings">How to: Get to Know Android Privacy and Security Settings</a>
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<a href="/module/how-to-get-to-know-iphone-privacy-and-security-settings">How to: Get to Know iPhone Privacy and Security Settings</a>
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<a href="/module/understanding-and-circumventing-network-censorship">How to: Understand and Circumvent Network Censorship</a>
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<a href="/module/how-to-use-signal">How to: Use Signal</a>
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<a href="/module/how-to-use-tor">How to: Use Tor</a>
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<a href="/module/how-to-use-tor-on-android-and-iphone">How to: Use Tor on Android and iPhone</a>
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<a href="/module/how-to-use-whatsapp">How to: Use WhatsApp</a>
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<a href="/module/deep-dive-end-end-encryption-how-do-public-key-encryption-systems-work">A Deep Dive on End-to-End Encryption: How Do Public Key Encryption Systems Work?</a>
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<a href="/module/attending-protest">Attending a Protest</a>
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<a href="/module/choosing-the-password-manager-that-s-right-for-you">Choosing a Password Manager</a>
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<a href="/module/choosing-vpn-thats-right-you">Choosing the VPN That's Right for You</a>
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<a href="/module/facebook-groups-reducing-risks">Facebook Groups: Reducing Risks</a>
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<a href="/module/how-do-i-protect-myself-against-malware">How Do I Protect Myself Against Malware?</a>
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<a href="/module/key-concepts-encryption">Key Concepts in Encryption</a>
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<a href="/module/key-verification">Key Verification</a>
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<a href="/module/what-fingerprinting">What Is Fingerprinting?</a>
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