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data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1151">Custody hearings in Brazil</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/highlighted-projects/developing-guidelines-non-coercive-interviewing-and-safeguards" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2531">Developing Guidelines on non-coercive Interviewing and Safeguards</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/highlighted-projects/digital-mapping-justice-and-deprivation-liberty-latin-america-and" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2794">Digital Mapping on Justice and Deprivation of Liberty in Latin America and the Caribbean</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/highlighted-projects/rwanda-supporting-establishment-oversight-body" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2558">Rwanda: supporting the establishment of oversight body</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/projectos-em-destaque/safeguarding-against-risk-torture-thailand" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1146">Safeguarding against risk of torture in Thailand</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work" class="no-children" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1148">Where we work</a><ul class="menu sub-nav"><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1148">Africa</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1148">Americas</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1148">Asia-Pacific</a><ul class="menu sub-nav"><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1148">Europe</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1148">Middle East &amp; North Africa</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/argentina" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2224">Argentina</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/brazil" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1149">Brazil</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/chile" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2223">Chile</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/fiji" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2211">Fiji</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/georgia" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2216">Georgia</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/indonesia" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2214">Indonesia</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/kyrgyzstan" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2215">Kyrgyzstan</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/lebanon" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2225">Lebanon</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/madagascar" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2204">Madagascar</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/malaysia" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2212">Malaysia</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/mauritania" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2226">Mauritania</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/mexico" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2220">Mexico</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/mongolia" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2213">Mongolia</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/morocco" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2227">Morocco</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/state-palestine" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2229">Palestine</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/panama" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2221">Panama</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/paraguay" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2222">Paraguay</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/philippines" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2209">Philippines</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/romania" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2217">Romania</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/rwanda" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2205">Rwanda</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/senegal" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2207">Senegal</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/south-africa" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2208">South Africa</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/switzerland" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2218">Switzerland</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/thailand" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2210">Thailand</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/togo" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2206">Togo</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/tunisia" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2228">Tunisia</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/united-kingdom" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2219">United Kingdom</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"><a href="/en/what-we-do/themes" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/170">Themes</a><ul class="menu sub-nav"><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"><a href="/en/what-we-do/themes/opcat-opening-places-detention" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2233">OPCAT: Opening up places of detention</a><ul class="menu sub-nav"><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/national-preventive-mechanisms-npms" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2231">National Preventive Mechanisms</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/subcommittee-on-prevention-of-torture" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2232">United Nations Subcommittee on Prevention of Torture</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/themes/safeguards-and-police" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2185">Safeguards and Police</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"><a href="/en/what-we-do/themes/vulnerabilities-detention" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/22">Vulnerabilities in detention</a><ul class="menu sub-nav"><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/themes/vulnerabilities-detention/women" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2187">Women</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/themes/vulnerabilities-detention/children" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2188">Children</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/themes/vulnerabilities-detention/lgbti-persons" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2189">LGBTI Persons</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/themes/vulnerabilities-detention/migrants" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2190">Migrants</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/what-we-do/themes/vulnerabilities-detention/persons-disabilities" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2191">Persons with Disabilities</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/320">Knowledge Hub</a><ul class="menu sub-nav"><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/publications" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1137">Publications</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/321">Detention Focus Database</a><ul class="menu sub-nav"><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/contacts-outside-world" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/325">Contacts with the outside world</a><ul class="menu sub-nav"><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/contacts-outside-world/access-external-information" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/610">Access to external information</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/contacts-outside-world/consular-contacts" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/609">Consular contacts</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/contacts-outside-world/correspondencephoneinternet" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/608">Correspondence/Phone/ Internet</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/contacts-outside-world/family-visits" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/607">Family visits</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/life-prison-regime-activities" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/327">Life in prison (Regime and activities)</a><ul class="menu sub-nav"><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/life-prison-regime-and-activities/education" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/621">Education</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/life-prison-regime-and-activities/outdoor-exercise" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/619">Outdoor exercise</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/life-prison-regime-and-activities/recreational-activities" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/620">Recreational activities</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/life-prison-regime-and-activities/religion" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/618">Religion</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/life-prison-regime-and-activities/transfer" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/622">Transfer</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/life-prison-regime-and-activities/work" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/617">Work</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/material-conditions-detention" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/326">Material conditions of detention</a><ul class="menu sub-nav"><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/material-conditions-detention/accommodation" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/611">Accommodation</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/material-conditions-detention/clothing-and-bedding" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/616">Clothing and bedding</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/material-conditions-detention/food-and-water" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/612">Food and water</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/material-conditions-detention/lighting-and-ventilation" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/614">Lighting and ventilation</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/material-conditions-detention/sanitary-facilities-and" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/615">Sanitary facilities and personal hygiene</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/safeguards" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/323">Safeguards</a><ul class="menu sub-nav"><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/safeguards/access-and-contact-lawyer" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/636">Access and contact with lawyer</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/safeguards/access-judge" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/634">Access to a judge</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/safeguards/complaints-procedures" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/635">Complaints procedures</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/safeguards/files-and-records" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/631">Files and records</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/safeguards/inspection-mechanisms" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/633">Inspection mechanisms</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/safeguards/right-information" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/632">Right to information</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/safety-order-and-discipline" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/324">Safety, order and discipline</a><ul class="menu sub-nav"><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/safety-order-and-discipline/body-searches" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/601">Body searches</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/safety-order-and-discipline/cell-searches" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/602">Cell searches</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/safety-order-and-discipline/disciplinary-measures" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/605">Disciplinary measures</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/safety-order-and-discipline/means-restraint" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/604">Means of restraint</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/safety-order-and-discipline/separation-detainees" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/600">Separation of detainees</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/safety-order-and-discipline/solitary-confinement" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/606">Solitary confinement</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/safety-order-and-discipline/use-force" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/603">Use of force</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/treatment" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/322">Treatment</a><ul class="menu sub-nav"><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/treatment/inter-detainee-violence" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/629">Inter-detainee violence</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/treatment/torture-and-ill-treatment" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/630">Torture and ill-treatment</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/health-care" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/328">Health care</a><ul class="menu sub-nav"><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/health-care/health-care-specific-groups" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/624">Health care for specific groups</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/health-care/health-care-services" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/623">Health care services</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/health-care/health-care-staff" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/625">Health care staff</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/personnel" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/329">Personnel</a><ul class="menu sub-nav"><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/personnel/recruitment" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/626">Recruitment</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/personnel/training-prison-staff" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/627">Training of prison staff</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/personnel/working-conditions" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/628">Working conditions</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/opcat" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/171">OPCAT Database</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/637">NPM Toolkit</a><ul class="menu sub-nav"><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/639">Activities</a><ul class="menu sub-nav"><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/preventive-visits" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/661">Preventive visits</a><ul class="menu sub-nav"><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/preventive-visits/how-many-visits-should-be-conducted-every" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1067">How many visits should be conducted every year?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/preventive-visits/how-conduct-preventive-visit" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1069">How to conduct a preventive visit?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/preventive-visits/should-npms-conduct-both-announced-and" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1068">Should NPMs conduct both announced and unannounced visits?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/preventive-visits/what-are-different-types-visits" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1063">What are the different &quot;types&quot; of visits?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/preventive-visits/what-preventive-visit" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1064">What is a “preventive” visit?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/preventive-visits/what-average-length-preventive-visit" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1070">What is the “average length” of a preventive visit? </a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/preventive-visits/where-and-when-should-npms-first-visit-be" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1066">Where and when should the NPM’s first visit be conducted?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/preventive-visits/why-have-programme-visits" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1065">Why have a programme of visits?</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/recommendations-and-follow-strategies" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/660">Recommendations and Follow-Up Strategies</a><ul class="menu sub-nav"><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/recommendations-and-follow-strategies/how-can-npms-follow" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1075">How can NPMs follow-up on recommendations?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/recommendations-and-follow-strategies/how-systematise-and-keep" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1077">How to systematise and keep track of recommendations over time?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/recommendations-and-follow-strategies/what-are-npm" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1071">What are NPM recommendations?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/recommendations-and-follow-strategies/what-can-npms-do" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1076">What can NPMs do to overcome obstacles in the implementation of their recommendations?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/recommendations-and-follow-strategies/what-makes-good" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1073">What makes a good recommendation?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/recommendations-and-follow-strategies/what-types" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1072">What types of recommendations are made by NPMs?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/recommendations-and-follow-strategies/why-it-important-have" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1074">Why is it important to have a follow-up strategy for NPM recommendations?</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/annual-reports" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/669">Annual Reports</a><ul class="menu sub-nav"><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/annual-reports/how-strategically-disseminate-annual-report" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1096">How to strategically disseminate an annual report ?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/annual-reports/what-npm-annual-report" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1089">What is an NPM annual report ? </a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/annual-reports/what-target-audience-npm-annual-report" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1091">What is the target audience of an NPM annual report ? </a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/annual-reports/what-should-be-content-npm-annual-report" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1092">What should be the content of an NPM annual report ?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/annual-reports/what-should-be-format-npm-annual-report" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1093">What should be the format of an NPM annual report ?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/annual-reports/when-npms-operate-within-broader-institution-or" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1094">When NPMs operate within a broader institution or are comprised of several institutions, should the NPM annual report be published separately ?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/annual-reports/who-should-write-npm-annual-report" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1095">Who should write an NPM annual report ? </a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/annual-reports/why-draft-annual-report" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1090">Why draft an annual report ?</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/thematic-and-other-reports" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/668">Thematic and other reports</a><ul class="menu sub-nav"><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/thematic-and-other-reports/how-choose-topic-thematic-report" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1118">How to choose a topic for a thematic report?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/thematic-and-other-reports/how-gather-information-thematic" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1119">How to gather information for a thematic report?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/thematic-and-other-reports/suggested-content-thematic-report" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1120">Suggested content of a thematic report</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/thematic-and-other-reports/suggested-format-thematic-report" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1121">Suggested format of a thematic report </a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/thematic-and-other-reports/what-are-thematic-reports" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1116">What are thematic reports?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/thematic-and-other-reports/what-should-be-dissemination-and" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1122">What should be the dissemination and follow-up strategy for a thematic report?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/thematic-and-other-reports/why-draft-thematic-report" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1117">Why draft a thematic report?</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/visit-reports" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/659">Visit reports</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/dealing-torture-and-other-serious-human-rights-violations" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/654">Dealing with Torture and Other Serious Human Rights Violations</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/handling-complaints" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/670">Handling complaints</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/legal-and-policy-work" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/667">Legal and policy work</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/engaging-others" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/640">Engaging with others</a><ul class="menu sub-nav"><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/engaging-others/coordination-other-monitoring-bodies" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/663">Coordination with other monitoring bodies</a><ul class="menu sub-nav"><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/engaging-others/coordination-other-monitoring-bodies/how-coordinate-other" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1099">How to coordinate with other bodies conducting visits?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/engaging-others/coordination-other-monitoring-bodies/who-are-other" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1097">Who are other national bodies conducting visits?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/engaging-others/coordination-other-monitoring-bodies/why-coordinate-other" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1098">Why coordinate with other bodies conducting visits?</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/engaging-others/working-external-experts" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/656">Working with external experts</a><ul class="menu sub-nav"><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/engaging-others/working-external-experts/what-are-external-experts-and" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1078">What are external experts and why do NPMs work with them?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/engaging-others/working-external-experts/what-are-different-modalities" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1082">What are the different modalities of working with external experts?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/engaging-others/working-external-experts/what-role-external-experts" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1081">What is the role of external experts? </a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/engaging-others/working-external-experts/what-status-external-experts" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1080">What is the status of external experts (rights and obligations)?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/engaging-others/working-external-experts/which-requirements-should" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1079">Which requirements should external experts meet?</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/engaging-others/communication-and-working-media" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/653">Communication and Working with the Media</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/engaging-others/dialogue-authorities" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/665">Dialogue with authorities</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/engaging-others/engaging-civil-society" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/666">Engaging with civil society</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/engaging-others/interaction-spt" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/652">Interaction with the SPT</a><ul class="menu sub-nav"><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/engaging-others/interaction-spt/how-could-npms-handle-expectations" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1085">How could NPMs handle expectations regarding complaints?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/engaging-others/interaction-spt/how-should-npms-react-externally" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1088">How should NPMs react externally to complaints?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/engaging-others/interaction-spt/what-are-synergies-between-complaints-and" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1086">What are the synergies between complaints and the NPM’s preventive mandate?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/engaging-others/interaction-spt/what-challenges-do-complaints-raise-npms" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1084">What challenges do complaints raise for the NPM’s preventive mandate?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/engaging-others/interaction-spt/what-internal-procedures-should-npms-put" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1087">What internal procedures should NPMs put in place to receive and handle complaints?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/engaging-others/interaction-spt/what-complaint" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1083">What is a complaint?</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/engaging-others/interactions-international-regional-bodies" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/664">Interactions with international/regional bodies</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/engaging-others/working-courts-and-judiciary" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/651">Working with Courts and the Judiciary</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/institutional-development" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/638">Institutional Development</a><ul class="menu sub-nav"><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/institutional-development/strategy-and-planning" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/648">Strategy and Planning</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/institutional-development/profile-and-skills-npm-members-and-staff" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/647">Profile and skills of NPM members and staff</a><ul class="menu sub-nav"><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/institutional-development/profile-and-skills-npm-members-and-staff/can" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1114">Can seconded state officials or civil servants work for NPMs? </a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/institutional-development/profile-and-skills-npm-members-and-staff/should" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1115">Should NPM members and staff have the same privileges and guarantees?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/institutional-development/profile-and-skills-npm-members-and-staff/what-0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1110">What are the other key considerations for the designation of members and staff of an NPM?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/institutional-development/profile-and-skills-npm-members-and-staff/what-1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1112">What do independence and impartiality mean for NPM members and staff?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/institutional-development/profile-and-skills-npm-members-and-staff/what" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1109">What professional expertise is required for NPM members and staff?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/institutional-development/profile-and-skills-npm-members-and-staff-0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1113">Which situations could represent a conflict of interest?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/institutional-development/profile-and-skills-npm-members-and-staff/which" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1111">Which skills and other requirements should NPM members and staff have?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/institutional-development/profile-and-skills-npm-members-and-staff/who" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1108">Who are NPM members and staff?</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/institutional-development/internal-rules" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/646">Internal Rules</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/institutional-development/building-npms-identity" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/643">Building the NPM&#039;s identity</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/institutional-development/confidentiality-and-data-protection" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/644">Confidentiality and data protection</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/institutional-development/finances" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/649">Finances</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/institutional-development/selection-npm-members-and-staff" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/650">Selection of NPM Members and Staff</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/institutional-development/using-indicators-and-measuring-progress" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/645">Using Indicators and Measuring Progress</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/npm-models" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/641">NPM Models</a><ul class="menu sub-nav"><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/npm-models/designation-npm" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/642">Designation of an NPM</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/npm-models/multiple-bodies" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/662">Multiple bodies</a><ul class="menu sub-nav"><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/npm-models/multiple-bodies/how-can-multiple-bodies-create-npm-identity" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1106">How can multiple bodies create an NPM identity and who “is” the NPM?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/npm-models/multiple-bodies/how-multiple-body-npm-coordinated" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1104">How is a multiple body NPM coordinated?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/npm-models/multiple-bodies/what-are-multiple-body-npms" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1100">What are multiple body NPMs?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/npm-models/multiple-bodies/what-are-some-advantages-and-challenges-faced" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1102">What are some of the advantages and challenges faced by multiple bodies as NPM?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/npm-models/multiple-bodies/what-are-different-possible-structures" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1101">What are the different possible structures for multiple body NPMs?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/npm-models/multiple-bodies/what-are-key-budget-and-financial" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1103">What are the key budget and financial considerations for a multiple body NPM?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/npm-models/multiple-bodies/what-kind-reports-may-multiple-body-npms" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1107">What kind of reports may multiple body NPMs produce?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/npm-models/multiple-bodies/which-body-liaises-subcommittee-prevention" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1105">Which body liaises with the Subcommittee on Prevention of Torture, and other international bodies?</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/npm-models/national-human-rights-institutions" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/658">National Human Rights Institutions</a><ul class="menu sub-nav"><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/npm-models/national-human-rights-institutions/what-are-national-human" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1129">What are national human rights institutions as NPMs?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/npm-models/national-human-rights-institutions/what-are-advantages-and" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1131">What are the advantages and challenges faced by NHRIs as NPMs?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/npm-models/national-human-rights-institutions/what-are-different-types" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1130">What are the different types of NHRIs?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/npm-models/national-human-rights-institutions/what-are-key-budget-and" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1134">What are the key budget and financial considerations for NHRIs with an NPM mandate?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/npm-models/national-human-rights-institutions/what-are-key-staffing" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1135">What are the key staffing considerations for NHRIs taking on an NPM mandate?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/npm-models/national-human-rights-institutions/what-kind-internal" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1132">What kind of internal structure is most appropriate for NHRIs as NPMs?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/npm-models/national-human-rights-institutions/what-level-npm-autonomy" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1133">What level of NPM autonomy for NHRIs?</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/npm-models/new-specialised-institutions" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/657">New specialised institutions</a><ul class="menu sub-nav"><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/npm-models/new-specialised-institutions/communication-and-making-npm" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1128">Communication and making the NPM known.</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/npm-models/new-specialised-institutions/how-can-new-institutions-work" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1127">How can new institutions work as a team and build a collective identity?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/npm-models/new-specialised-institutions/what-are-advantages-and" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1125">What are the advantages and disadvantages of a new specialised institution as an NPM?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/npm-models/new-specialised-institutions/what-are-different-types-new" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1124">What are the different types of new specialised institutions?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/npm-models/new-specialised-institutions/what-are-first-steps-new" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1126">What are the first steps for a new specialised institution?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/npm-models/new-specialised-institutions/what-new-specialised-institution" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1123">What is a new specialised institution?</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/npm-search" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/673">Search</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/videos" class="video" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2254">Videos</a><ul class="menu sub-nav"><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/resources/publications/protecting-lgbti-persons-deprived-liberty-discussion-victor-madrigal" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2253">Protecting LGBTI persons deprived of liberty: a discussion with Victor Madrigal</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/resources/publications/changing-police-mindsets-coercion-justice" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2255">Changing Police Mindsets: From Coercion to Justice</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/resources/publications/monitoring-psychiatric-institutions-2016-jean-jacques-gautier-npm-symposium" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2256">Monitoring psychiatric institutions (2016 Jean-Jacques Gautier NPM Symposium)</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/resources/publications/preventing-torture-africa-lessons-and-experiences-nhris-videos" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2258">Preventing torture in Africa: Lessons and experiences from NHRIs</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/resources/publications/does-torture-prevention-work" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2260">Does torture prevention work?</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/resources/publications/addressing-vulnerabilities-lgbt-persons-detention-jean-jacques-gautier-npm" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2261">Addressing vulnerabilities in LGBT persons in detention (Jean-Jacques Gautier NPM Symposium 2015)</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/resources/publications/childrens-vulnerabilities-detention-jean-jacques-gautier-npm-symposium-2014" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2262">Children’s vulnerabilities in detention (Jean-Jacques Gautier NPM Symposium 2014)</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/resources/publications/interview-boubou-diouf-tall-senegal" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2263">Interview with Boubou Diouf Tall, Senegal</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/resources/publications/interview-erwin-james-united-kingdom" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2264">Interview with Erwin James, United Kingdom</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/resources/publications/world-cup-preventing-torture-rio-de-janeiro-2014" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2265">World Cup: Preventing torture in Rio de Janeiro (2014)</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/resources/publications/interview-jeehan-mahmood-maldives" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2266">Interview with Jeehan Mahmood – Maldives</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/resources/publications/no-one-knows-about-us" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2267">No one knows about us</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/resources/publications/expert-meeting-torture-tainted-information" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2268">Expert meeting on torture-tainted information</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/resources/publications/parliamentarians-visiting-immigration-detention-centres" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2269">Parliamentarians visiting immigration detention centres</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/resources/publications/ending-impunity-graphic-novella" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2270">Ending impunity – a graphic novella</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/resources/publications/prevention-torture-and-ill-treatment-police-custody" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2271">Prevention of torture and ill-treatment in police custody</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/resources/publications/preventing-torture-idea-global-reality" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2272">Preventing torture – From an idea to a global reality</a></li><li class="menu-item"><a href="/en/resources/publications/interview-catalina-devandas-special-rapporteur-rights-persons-disabilities" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2273">Interview with Catalina Devandas: Special Rapporteur on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities</a></li></ul></li><li 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href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/contacts-outside-world"><span>Contacts with the outside world</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/life-prison-regime-activities"><span>Life in prison (Regime and activities)</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/material-conditions-detention"><span>Material conditions of detention</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/safeguards"><span>Safeguards</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/safety-order-and-discipline"><span>Safety, order and discipline</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/treatment"><span>Treatment</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/health-care"><span>Health care</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/personnel"><span>Personnel</span></a></li></ul></li><li><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/opcat">OPCAT 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Justice</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/resources/publications/monitoring-psychiatric-institutions-2016-jean-jacques-gautier-npm-symposium"><span>Monitoring psychiatric institutions (2016 Jean-Jacques Gautier NPM Symposium)</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/resources/publications/preventing-torture-africa-lessons-and-experiences-nhris-videos"><span>Preventing torture in Africa: Lessons and experiences from NHRIs</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/resources/publications/does-torture-prevention-work"><span>Does torture prevention work?</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/resources/publications/addressing-vulnerabilities-lgbt-persons-detention-jean-jacques-gautier-npm"><span>Addressing vulnerabilities in LGBT persons in detention (Jean-Jacques Gautier NPM Symposium 2015)</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/resources/publications/childrens-vulnerabilities-detention-jean-jacques-gautier-npm-symposium-2014"><span>Children’s vulnerabilities in detention (Jean-Jacques Gautier NPM Symposium 2014)</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/resources/publications/interview-boubou-diouf-tall-senegal"><span>Interview with Boubou Diouf Tall, Senegal</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/resources/publications/interview-erwin-james-united-kingdom"><span>Interview with Erwin James, United Kingdom</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/resources/publications/world-cup-preventing-torture-rio-de-janeiro-2014"><span>World Cup: Preventing torture in Rio de Janeiro (2014)</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/resources/publications/interview-jeehan-mahmood-maldives"><span>Interview with Jeehan Mahmood – Maldives</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/resources/publications/no-one-knows-about-us"><span>No one knows about us</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/resources/publications/expert-meeting-torture-tainted-information"><span>Expert meeting on torture-tainted information</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/resources/publications/parliamentarians-visiting-immigration-detention-centres"><span>Parliamentarians visiting immigration detention centres</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/resources/publications/ending-impunity-graphic-novella"><span>Ending impunity – a graphic novella</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/resources/publications/prevention-torture-and-ill-treatment-police-custody"><span>Prevention of torture and ill-treatment in police custody</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/resources/publications/preventing-torture-idea-global-reality"><span>Preventing torture – From an idea to a global reality</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/resources/publications/interview-catalina-devandas-special-rapporteur-rights-persons-disabilities"><span>Interview with Catalina Devandas: Special Rapporteur on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities</span></a></li></ul></li><li><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/annual-reports">Annual Reports</a></li><li><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/podcasts">Podcasts</a></li></ul></div></div></div><div data-menu-link="/en/what-we-do" id="block-whatwedoflyoutmenu" class="block-type-menu-flyout block 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href="/en/what-we-do/achievements">Achievements</a><ul><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/achievements/european-committee-prevention-torture-cpt"><span>The European Committee for Prevention of Torture (CPT)</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/achievements/opcat-torture-prevention-practice"><span>The OPCAT: torture prevention in practice</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/achievements/torture-prevention-works"><span>Torture prevention works</span></a></li></ul></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/our-work-covid-19">COVID-19</a><ul><li><a href="/en/resources/publications/guidance-monitoring-places-detention-through-covid-19-pandemic"><span>Guidance: Monitoring Places of Detention through the COVID-19 Pandemic</span></a></li><li><a href="https://datastudio.google.com/reporting/c686bea7-3152-4dd2-b483-fce072f3ddbf/page/UkoKB"><span>Information Hub</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/news-search"><span>News and webinar series</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/resources/publications/principle-do-no-harm-detention-monitoring-theory-practice"><span>Podcast "Perspectives"</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/resources/publications/voices-field"><span>Voices from the field</span></a></li></ul></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/strategic-plan-2020-2023">APT Strategic Plan</a><ul><li><a href="/en/resources/publications/apt-strategic-plan-2020-2023"><span>APT Strategic Plan (2020-2023)</span></a></li><li><a href="https://www.apt.ch/en/previous-strategic-plans"><span>Previous Strategic Plans </span></a></li><li><a href="/en/resources/publications/preventing-torture-idea-global-reality"><span>Preventing torture – From an idea to a global reality</span></a></li></ul></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/torture-prevention">Torture prevention</a><ul><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/torture-prevention/definition-torture"><span>Definition of torture</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/torture-prevention/what-torture-prevention"><span>What is torture prevention?</span></a></li></ul></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/campaigns">Campaigns</a><ul><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/campaigns/principles-effective-interviewing"><span>Principles on Effective Interviewing</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/campaigns/women-prison"><span>Women &amp; Prison</span></a></li></ul></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/highlighted-projects">Highlighted Projects</a><ul><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/highlighted-projects/artists-against-torture"><span>Artists against torture</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/highlighted-projects/custody-hearings-brazil"><span>Custody hearings in Brazil</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/highlighted-projects/developing-guidelines-non-coercive-interviewing-and-safeguards"><span>Developing Guidelines on non-coercive Interviewing and Safeguards</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/highlighted-projects/digital-mapping-justice-and-deprivation-liberty-latin-america-and"><span>Digital Mapping on Justice and Deprivation of Liberty in Latin America and the Caribbean</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/highlighted-projects/rwanda-supporting-establishment-oversight-body"><span>Rwanda: supporting the establishment of oversight body</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/projectos-em-destaque/safeguarding-against-risk-torture-thailand"><span>Safeguarding against risk of torture in Thailand</span></a></li></ul></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work" class="no-children">Where we work</a><ul><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work"><span>Africa</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work"><span>Americas</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work"><span>Asia-Pacific</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/argentina"><span>Argentina</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/brazil"><span>Brazil</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/chile"><span>Chile</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/fiji"><span>Fiji</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/georgia"><span>Georgia</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/indonesia"><span>Indonesia</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/kyrgyzstan"><span>Kyrgyzstan</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/lebanon"><span>Lebanon</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/madagascar"><span>Madagascar</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/malaysia"><span>Malaysia</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/mauritania"><span>Mauritania</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/mexico"><span>Mexico</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/mongolia"><span>Mongolia</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/morocco"><span>Morocco</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/state-palestine"><span>Palestine</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/panama"><span>Panama</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/paraguay"><span>Paraguay</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/philippines"><span>Philippines</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/romania"><span>Romania</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/rwanda"><span>Rwanda</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/senegal"><span>Senegal</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/south-africa"><span>South Africa</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/switzerland"><span>Switzerland</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/thailand"><span>Thailand</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/togo"><span>Togo</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/tunisia"><span>Tunisia</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/united-kingdom"><span>United Kingdom</span></a></li></ul></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/themes">Themes</a><ul><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/themes/opcat-opening-places-detention"><span>OPCAT: Opening up places of detention</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/themes/safeguards-and-police"><span>Safeguards and Police</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/what-we-do/themes/vulnerabilities-detention"><span>Vulnerabilities in detention</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="top-full-wrapper"><div class="top_full"><div id="block-homepagebanner" class="block block-oyster block-homepage-banner"><div class="block__content"><div class="banner-image"><img class="image" src="https://www.apt.ch/sites/default/files/styles/homepage_banner/public/homepage-banners/xEffective,P20Interviewing.jpg,qitok=fgRdw8IZ.pagespeed.ic.GjH_2SL3wH.jpg" alt="Effective Interviewing" srcset="https://www.apt.ch/sites/default/files/styles/homepage_banner_mobile/public/homepage-banners/xEffective,P20Interviewing.jpg,qitok=G2l5Jxfa.pagespeed.ic.-Z8lDnSziO.jpg 560w, https://www.apt.ch/sites/default/files/styles/homepage_banner/public/homepage-banners/xEffective,P20Interviewing.jpg,qitok=fgRdw8IZ.pagespeed.ic.GjH_2SL3wH.jpg 1440w"/><div class="grid"><div class="inner"><h2>Principles on Effective Interviewing for Investigations and Information Gathering</h2><a href="/en/what-we-do/campaigns/principles-effective-interviewing">Find out more</a></div></div></div><div class="banner-image"><img class="image" data-pagespeed-lazy-src="https://www.apt.ch/sites/default/files/styles/homepage_banner/public/homepage-banners/xUntitled,P20design,P20,P2810,P29.jpg,qitok=6DM0Vf03.pagespeed.ic.samN_-OKZR.jpg" alt="Our vision" data-pagespeed-lazy-srcset="https://www.apt.ch/sites/default/files/styles/homepage_banner_mobile/public/homepage-banners/xUntitled,P20design,P20,P2810,P29.jpg,qitok=QMLvutod.pagespeed.ic.74Fu9xpMC_.jpg 560w, https://www.apt.ch/sites/default/files/styles/homepage_banner/public/homepage-banners/xUntitled,P20design,P20,P2810,P29.jpg,qitok=6DM0Vf03.pagespeed.ic.samN_-OKZR.jpg 1440w" src="/pagespeed_static/1.JiBnMqyl6S.gif" onload="pagespeed.lazyLoadImages.loadIfVisibleAndMaybeBeacon(this);" onerror="this.onerror=null;pagespeed.lazyLoadImages.loadIfVisibleAndMaybeBeacon(this);"/><div class="grid"><div class="inner"><h2>Our vision: Societies without torture or ill-treatment</h2><a href="/en/who-we-are/vision-mission-and-values">Learn more about us</a></div></div></div><div class="banner-image"><img class="image" src="https://www.apt.ch/sites/default/files/styles/homepage_banner/public/homepage-banners/xIMG-20191210-WA0012.jpg,qh=74bebb22,aitok=JsFcBiUw.pagespeed.ic.hxeDZ_J9jr.jpg" alt="Mother and child together in Cambodia/Ana Altozano Martinez" srcset="https://www.apt.ch/sites/default/files/styles/homepage_banner_mobile/public/homepage-banners/xIMG-20191210-WA0012.jpg,qh=7f70096d,aitok=Q28QTTPz.pagespeed.ic.0Eazw4f3jb.jpg 560w, https://www.apt.ch/sites/default/files/styles/homepage_banner/public/homepage-banners/xIMG-20191210-WA0012.jpg,qh=74bebb22,aitok=JsFcBiUw.pagespeed.ic.hxeDZ_J9jr.jpg 1440w"/><div class="grid"><div class="inner"><h2>Women & Prison, Bangkok Rules 10th Anniversary</h2><a href="https://www.apt.ch/en/what-we-do/campaigns/women-prison">View campaign</a></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><main role="main" class="outer-wrapper"><a id="main-content" tabindex="-1"></a><section id="content"><div class="content"><div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div><div id="block-oystertheme-content" class="block block-system block-system-main-block"><div class="block__content"></div></div></div></section></main><div class="bottom_full"><div id="block-page-sections-block" class="block block-oyster block-page-sections-block"><div class="block__content"><div class="field field--name-field-page-sections field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__items"><div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph grid paragraph--type--latest-news"><h2 class="title"><span>Latest news</span></h2><a href="/news-listing" class="button">View all news</a><div class="featured-news"><a href="/en/blog/americas-call-regional-guidelines-end-videoconferencing-custody-hearings" id=" node-2892" class="news-large-teaser " role="article" about="/en/blog/americas-call-regional-guidelines-end-videoconferencing-custody-hearings"><div class="text"><div class="title">Americas: Call for regional guidelines to end videoconferencing in custody hearings</div><div class="body"><div class="body-text"><h4><span><span><span lang="EN-AU" lang="EN-AU" lang="EN-AU"><span>Testimonies from criminal justice actors and family of detainees, collected by the APT and partner organisations, have affirmed that custody hearings held by videoconference significantly impede the ability of a</span></span></span></span></h4></div><div class="news-staff"></div><div class="news-posted">Tuesday, October 12, 2021</div></div></div><div class="image"><img data-src="https://www.apt.ch/sites/default/files/styles/850x520crop/public/news/xbrazil,P20webinar.jpg,qitok=j9AGNZV2.pagespeed.ic.4XMiT7wwty.jpg" class="lazy" width="850" height="520" alt="Americas: Call for regional guidelines to end videoconferencing in custody hearings" title="Americas: Call for regional guidelines to end videoconferencing in custody hearings"/><div class="blog-tag">Blog</div></div></a></div><ul class="news_items"><li><a href="/en/news_on_prevention/australia-detainees-courage-drives-change-strip-searches" class="eh news-item" role="article" about="/en/news_on_prevention/australia-detainees-courage-drives-change-strip-searches"><div class="news-image"><img data-src="https://www.apt.ch/sites/default/files/styles/850x520crop/public/news/410x240xWebsite,P20,P20,P282,P29.jpg,qitok=eTMJzwnx.pagespeed.ic.-S65qtR9S4.jpg" class="lazy" width="410" height="240" alt="Australia: Detainee’s courage drives change on strip searches " title="Australia: Detainee’s courage drives change on strip searches "/></div><div class="news-text"><div class="news-title">Australia: Detainee’s courage drives change on strip searches </div><div class="news-posted">Wednesday, November 24, 2021</div></div></a></li><li><a href="/en/news_on_prevention/independent-oversight-institutions-offer-strong-support-mendez-principles" class="eh news-item" role="article" about="/en/news_on_prevention/independent-oversight-institutions-offer-strong-support-mendez-principles"><div class="news-image"><img data-src="https://www.apt.ch/sites/default/files/styles/850x520crop/public/news/410x240x20200205-DSCF9462-Edit.jpg,qitok=twXDk4ic.pagespeed.ic._VgAizWdQq.jpg" class="lazy" width="410" height="240" alt="Independent oversight institutions offer strong support for the Méndez Principles " title="Independent oversight institutions offer strong support for the Méndez Principles "/></div><div class="news-text"><div class="news-title">Independent oversight institutions offer strong support for the Méndez Principles </div><div class="news-posted">Tuesday, November 23, 2021</div></div></a></li><li><a href="/en/news_on_prevention/safeincustody-awareness-month-towards-future-without-torture-thailand" class="eh news-item" role="article" about="/en/news_on_prevention/safeincustody-awareness-month-towards-future-without-torture-thailand"><div class="news-image"><img data-src="https://www.apt.ch/sites/default/files/styles/850x520crop/public/news/410x240xImage,P20from,P20iOS,P20,P281,P29.jpg,qitok=Yqp8QgwJ.pagespeed.ic.oGRdT--MRx.jpg" class="lazy" width="410" height="240" alt="#SafeinCustody awareness month: Towards a future without torture in Thailand" title="#SafeinCustody awareness month: Towards a future without torture in Thailand"/></div><div class="news-text"><div class="news-title">#SafeinCustody awareness month: Towards a future without torture in Thailand</div><div class="news-posted">Wednesday, November 17, 2021</div></div></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph grid paragraph--type--homepage-knowledge-hub"><h2 class="title"><span>Knowledge Hub</span></h2><div class="intro"><p><span><span>Our free and open-access Knowledge Hub is built upon over 40 years of experience working on torture prevention. 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Plan</a><ul><li class="menu-item--_e24462f-bb02-4e2d-9d1c-7102c4c55121 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/resources/publications/apt-strategic-plan-2020-2023" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2683">APT Strategic Plan (2020-2023)</a></li><li class="menu-item--_f73496e-6610-4c93-99dd-73d30066f31c menu-name--main"><a href="https://www.apt.ch/en/previous-strategic-plans">Previous Strategic Plans </a></li><li class="menu-item--e5d65d9e-4623-40a2-9201-ff7e740cf48f menu-name--main"><a href="/en/resources/publications/preventing-torture-idea-global-reality" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2272">Preventing torture – From an idea to a global reality</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item--_210f1a3-a175-4f30-a2e4-e21d78d4a4b1 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/torture-prevention" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2184">Torture prevention</a><ul><li class="menu-item--fd97092d-5f2b-40c2-83fd-e3edc0121d55 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/torture-prevention/definition-torture" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2286">Definition of torture</a></li><li class="menu-item--_725d60c-1604-49fc-a1d7-69925a6a2fa2 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/torture-prevention/what-torture-prevention" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1145">What is torture prevention?</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item--_908e14c-1a1d-4673-81f0-b125e75ac2ad menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/campaigns" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2849">Campaigns</a><ul><li class="menu-item--fd4ca7e2-3260-4bd9-82b8-1ddee590bacc menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/campaigns/principles-effective-interviewing" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2854">Principles on Effective Interviewing</a></li><li class="menu-item--_240d04d-ca3c-45ba-bc86-4d6fd230e072 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/campaigns/women-prison" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2815">Women &amp; Prison</a><ul><li class="menu-item--_9556fa2-a927-4840-bb73-b412751ec637 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/campaigns/women-prison/body-searches" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2908">Body searches</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item--_05a5b99-dfb6-4970-81c3-915f3bc9bb96 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/highlighted-projects" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2287">Highlighted Projects</a><ul><li class="menu-item--_1b303db-3b5c-461c-8ae0-dfedec71afe1 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/highlighted-projects/artists-against-torture" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2530">Artists against torture</a></li><li class="menu-item--_bac0871-d726-440d-b459-5775db31b940 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/highlighted-projects/custody-hearings-brazil" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1151">Custody hearings in Brazil</a></li><li class="menu-item--_9477d26-1a81-44f9-ae49-418d2163271f menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/highlighted-projects/developing-guidelines-non-coercive-interviewing-and-safeguards" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2531">Developing Guidelines on non-coercive Interviewing and Safeguards</a></li><li class="menu-item--a3ebee8d-4a06-44d5-a24d-170adc7fae68 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/highlighted-projects/digital-mapping-justice-and-deprivation-liberty-latin-america-and" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2794">Digital Mapping on Justice and Deprivation of Liberty in Latin America and the Caribbean</a></li><li class="menu-item--_23a1463-f111-4141-a567-799fb62f0937 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/highlighted-projects/rwanda-supporting-establishment-oversight-body" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2558">Rwanda: supporting the establishment of oversight body</a></li><li class="menu-item--_12a1de1-4f1a-40b1-bbb3-6189a4c0065a menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/projectos-em-destaque/safeguarding-against-risk-torture-thailand" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1146">Safeguarding against risk of torture in Thailand</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item--a7d18946-f184-47ac-ade4-0bb58ffd9db2 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work" class="no-children" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1148">Where we work</a><ul><li class="menu-item--e02f69b8-56d2-424d-9174-2fff84544cab menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1148">Africa</a></li><li class="menu-item--_3b68560-d705-4ca6-acb9-65a179d91758 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1148">Americas</a></li><li class="menu-item--c2a555c0-5b2c-4780-ab68-82ba3412b74c menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1148">Asia-Pacific</a><ul><li class="menu-item--c9c1a78d-7100-48b1-b093-80535c4ea61f menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1148">Europe</a></li><li class="menu-item--aafbb6b7-4658-4525-a875-4f2a889bf8df menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1148">Middle East &amp; North Africa</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item--_f6a84e3-65f3-4ea3-9c9c-d9951871b428 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/argentina" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2224">Argentina</a></li><li class="menu-item--_c2b6926-00ec-4c87-8b69-3ce5cfb91a5d menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/brazil" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1149">Brazil</a></li><li class="menu-item--_9d591cb-db44-40b5-bdda-18b5a3433cc4 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/chile" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2223">Chile</a></li><li class="menu-item--_d52601a-5760-4c20-8f8b-e3f5012747a4 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/fiji" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2211">Fiji</a></li><li class="menu-item--_2cd8963-5028-49de-af8c-826c52cc7186 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/georgia" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2216">Georgia</a></li><li class="menu-item--b29694e3-b01d-4e66-a32d-7d69f947d676 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/indonesia" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2214">Indonesia</a></li><li class="menu-item--b44ce447-1ed6-4299-9580-0755589d90c5 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/kyrgyzstan" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2215">Kyrgyzstan</a></li><li class="menu-item--_5adbe15-3015-4f0f-9728-5f3556d01097 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/lebanon" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2225">Lebanon</a></li><li class="menu-item--_bab7516-b676-4d91-87f8-43cd98d8b9b4 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/madagascar" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2204">Madagascar</a></li><li class="menu-item--d9db0bc7-0dac-4a7d-9837-4a17a1460134 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/malaysia" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2212">Malaysia</a></li><li class="menu-item--bf0ac813-c9b4-415e-9439-462dd4593fa3 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/mauritania" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2226">Mauritania</a></li><li class="menu-item--_49c0265-05df-427f-8961-fb7b97166131 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/mexico" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2220">Mexico</a></li><li class="menu-item--_d8c5ec4-baf1-4cc0-9dcf-e7423bdea5ca menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/mongolia" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2213">Mongolia</a></li><li class="menu-item--_ad8d3a2-ac33-411a-b4e6-3decbbfbec56 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/morocco" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2227">Morocco</a></li><li class="menu-item--_23f9be0-b5dc-4b78-85ba-720042b0a45e menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/state-palestine" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2229">Palestine</a></li><li class="menu-item--b3e91d47-3e70-44b0-8bb8-51bbd40c6bac menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/panama" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2221">Panama</a></li><li class="menu-item--a8ae79cf-37a1-4dd2-b9d8-5a2a22bc6576 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/paraguay" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2222">Paraguay</a></li><li class="menu-item--_d2641b7-3d74-4ea3-864b-521963cdf70e menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/philippines" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2209">Philippines</a></li><li class="menu-item--c9e2da87-9985-4c95-add7-b44bc1f183b8 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/romania" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2217">Romania</a></li><li class="menu-item--_5608c8b-13c0-43d6-b428-02bb037c52dc menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/rwanda" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2205">Rwanda</a></li><li class="menu-item--_c41763b-0b08-4570-8968-6a0844574fea menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/senegal" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2207">Senegal</a></li><li class="menu-item--_a9fec51-0c55-4d1f-8d45-0f3bd329b11a menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/south-africa" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2208">South Africa</a></li><li class="menu-item--_167997a-10dc-49e7-9d71-98dfff917868 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/switzerland" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2218">Switzerland</a></li><li class="menu-item--_3d671f3-d81d-428c-a112-09d9009d019d menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/thailand" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2210">Thailand</a></li><li class="menu-item--_084a8fc-9f12-4f58-ad01-f1b7adce0730 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/togo" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2206">Togo</a></li><li class="menu-item--f515e461-bbc5-49a2-bf51-866734a829ec menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/tunisia" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2228">Tunisia</a></li><li class="menu-item--_476308a-0cf1-471a-b19c-31668b8b7407 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/where-we-work/united-kingdom" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2219">United Kingdom</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item--_a459fb9-8854-4c37-ab6a-bb3318e7c1a4 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/themes" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/170">Themes</a><ul><li class="menu-item--_a781cc5-335e-4544-a96f-5cece4a4e2be menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/themes/opcat-opening-places-detention" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2233">OPCAT: Opening up places of detention</a><ul><li class="menu-item--_99123b1-91e2-47aa-a928-68f4864d9ed5 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/national-preventive-mechanisms-npms" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2231">National Preventive Mechanisms</a></li><li class="menu-item--_6370120-5d29-4f9d-867a-4843ac2a8bc5 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/subcommittee-on-prevention-of-torture" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2232">United Nations Subcommittee on Prevention of Torture</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item--_338d756-813a-4741-b613-503780747365 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/themes/safeguards-and-police" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2185">Safeguards and Police</a></li><li class="menu-item--c4bc9b7b-93c9-43f2-ab7c-54afb64b5a7c menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/themes/vulnerabilities-detention" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/22">Vulnerabilities in detention</a><ul><li class="menu-item--d4f3b3d7-b2ab-4fdc-b5bc-eca71f2800b3 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/themes/vulnerabilities-detention/women" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2187">Women</a></li><li class="menu-item--dbcf7ab6-ee60-4dd2-881c-e82a25cbf9fc menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/themes/vulnerabilities-detention/children" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2188">Children</a></li><li class="menu-item--c37c8dbe-4b34-441a-a662-f1f2148c5c66 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/themes/vulnerabilities-detention/lgbti-persons" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2189">LGBTI Persons</a></li><li class="menu-item--_bba9d51-0772-4c20-af0a-1cd318618819 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/themes/vulnerabilities-detention/migrants" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2190">Migrants</a></li><li class="menu-item--_85b7250-7b61-4be3-8656-15565dce985a menu-name--main"><a href="/en/what-we-do/themes/vulnerabilities-detention/persons-disabilities" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2191">Persons with Disabilities</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item--_234a101-46e2-4e71-9c39-ea0a47c08cae menu-name--main"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/320">Knowledge Hub</a><ul><li class="menu-item--_8a05f63-24a2-4047-8836-7af1ed6e9dae menu-name--main"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/publications" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1137">Publications</a></li><li class="menu-item--_63df09e-ca45-4817-9d8f-b75ba0d69ca1 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/321">Detention Focus Database</a><ul><li class="menu-item--_50eb314-df79-436b-9420-060963ec2253 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/contacts-outside-world" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/325">Contacts with the outside world</a><ul><li class="menu-item--_b7c5271-247c-46fd-a427-7fb623923bba menu-name--main"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/contacts-outside-world/access-external-information" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/610">Access to external information</a></li><li class="menu-item--_6a93e69-a477-4104-9413-ae342113ed87 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/contacts-outside-world/consular-contacts" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/609">Consular contacts</a></li><li class="menu-item--_f369157-c6d4-4d11-9d33-79abe2e8c4c7 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/contacts-outside-world/correspondencephoneinternet" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/608">Correspondence/Phone/ Internet</a></li><li class="menu-item--fc4f1872-5613-4e7d-bf6f-b652c025ef8c menu-name--main"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/contacts-outside-world/family-visits" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/607">Family visits</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item--d67eef79-91fc-4f95-9ea0-b2994b829fe6 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/life-prison-regime-activities" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/327">Life in prison (Regime and activities)</a><ul><li class="menu-item--_e2b50e5-299d-4697-91cd-ee421a385e67 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/life-prison-regime-and-activities/education" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/621">Education</a></li><li class="menu-item--_add2598-2724-4d18-8e4e-0096b9c5157d menu-name--main"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/life-prison-regime-and-activities/outdoor-exercise" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/619">Outdoor exercise</a></li><li class="menu-item--_7021b8b-cfb2-4875-8f59-0268243e2014 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/life-prison-regime-and-activities/recreational-activities" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/620">Recreational activities</a></li><li class="menu-item--_5a1513a-1350-4b24-a71f-471f155ca0da menu-name--main"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/life-prison-regime-and-activities/religion" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/618">Religion</a></li><li class="menu-item--d1c4eb47-5717-499d-b868-438289db6a97 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/life-prison-regime-and-activities/transfer" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/622">Transfer</a></li><li class="menu-item--_93c5557-2ba1-47f4-bcbe-38154f8737e0 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/life-prison-regime-and-activities/work" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/617">Work</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item--b533785b-16c0-44ca-9294-cfa108b7541b menu-name--main"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/material-conditions-detention" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/326">Material conditions of detention</a><ul><li class="menu-item--_0567443-e617-4f62-85ce-e93801dc6d74 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/material-conditions-detention/accommodation" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/611">Accommodation</a></li><li class="menu-item--cd3a99fb-cc19-49bb-bad8-bedfaf304dd2 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/material-conditions-detention/clothing-and-bedding" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/616">Clothing and bedding</a></li><li class="menu-item--_2434caf-b27f-4227-9a4e-d4dbfa0c8e4f menu-name--main"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/material-conditions-detention/food-and-water" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/612">Food and water</a></li><li class="menu-item--a36b7576-96a4-4a5c-9716-26433b33184d menu-name--main"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/material-conditions-detention/lighting-and-ventilation" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/614">Lighting and ventilation</a></li><li class="menu-item--efadd535-0112-4cb0-b23d-3d71b675e4a1 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/material-conditions-detention/sanitary-facilities-and" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/615">Sanitary facilities and personal hygiene</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item--c1e0c152-f2f1-4801-a8cf-d0637ac6e264 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/safeguards" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/323">Safeguards</a><ul><li class="menu-item--_948a18e-15bd-4f2b-abdb-5a35df6bb28a menu-name--main"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/safeguards/access-and-contact-lawyer" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/636">Access and contact with lawyer</a></li><li class="menu-item--_f4a8e47-4ac3-4911-a475-d77b0fe40271 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/safeguards/access-judge" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/634">Access to a judge</a></li><li class="menu-item--d534b658-021a-46bd-9c4a-b27a643bb201 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/safeguards/complaints-procedures" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/635">Complaints procedures</a></li><li class="menu-item--cb93d254-a563-4172-88ce-32bca4c7a97e menu-name--main"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/safeguards/files-and-records" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/631">Files and records</a></li><li class="menu-item--_d2d6dc9-fd4c-4662-b6c7-657abf73e1c9 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/safeguards/inspection-mechanisms" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/633">Inspection mechanisms</a></li><li class="menu-item--e3ebee7b-8bc8-493c-b05e-ffd0b5d5ad07 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/safeguards/right-information" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/632">Right to information</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item--ae7e2ce1-7eeb-4fa6-89fe-7bf2e07ddf5d menu-name--main"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/safety-order-and-discipline" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/324">Safety, order and discipline</a><ul><li class="menu-item--f95af06e-4497-47e5-b89a-26786ca34e5c menu-name--main"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/safety-order-and-discipline/body-searches" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/601">Body searches</a></li><li class="menu-item--_5569ae2-2a2e-44ae-b5e7-a4b6251a60bb menu-name--main"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/detention-focus-database/safety-order-and-discipline/cell-searches" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/602">Cell searches</a></li><li class="menu-item--c40473e7-6977-4856-a198-a1842c649a93 menu-name--main"><a 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data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1070">What is the “average length” of a preventive visit? </a></li><li class="menu-item--a801978c-78fd-423a-858c-b1609b88c6bd menu-name--main"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/preventive-visits/where-and-when-should-npms-first-visit-be" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1066">Where and when should the NPM’s first visit be conducted?</a></li><li class="menu-item--_084b8d8-eb5b-4290-b8ef-eafb7d804b40 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/preventive-visits/why-have-programme-visits" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1065">Why have a programme of visits?</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item--f2126178-a9b5-485e-92ca-25902a2a2b58 menu-name--main"><a href="/en/knowledge-hub/npm-toolkit/activities/recommendations-and-follow-strategies" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/660">Recommendations and Follow-Up Strategies</a><ul><li class="menu-item--e7199224-50b2-4ee0-9504-294216455c1e menu-name--main"><a 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