What is the MAT?
OONI's Measurement Aggregation Toolkit (MAT) is a tool that enables you to generate your own custom charts based on aggregate views of real-time OONI data collected from around the world.
OONI data consists of network measurements collected by OONI Probe users around the world.
These measurements contain information about various types of internet censorship, such as the blocking of websites and apps around the world.
Who is the MAT for?
The MAT was built for researchers, journalists, and human rights defenders interested in examining internet censorship around the world.
Why use the MAT?
When examining cases of internet censorship, it's important to look at many measurements at once ("in aggregate") in order to answer key questions like the following:
- Does the testing of a service (e.g. Facebook) present signs of blocking every time that it is tested in a country? This can be helpful for ruling out false positives.
- What types of websites (e.g. human rights websites) are blocked in each country?
- In which countries is a specific website (e.g.
bbc.com) blocked? - How does the blocking of different apps (e.g. WhatsApp or Telegram) vary across countries?
- How does the blocking of a service vary across countries and ASNs?
- How does the blocking of a service change over time?
When trying to answer questions like the above, we normally perform relevant data analysis (instead of inspecting measurements one by one).
The MAT incorporates our data analysis techniques, enabling you to answer such questions without any data analysis skills, and with the click of a button!
How to use the MAT?
Through the filters at the start of the page, select the parameters you care about in order to plot charts based on aggregate views of OONI data.
The MAT includes the following filters:
- Countries: Select a country through the drop-down menu (the "All Countries" option will show global coverage)
- Test Name: Select an OONI Probe test based on which you would like to get measurements (for example, select
Web Connectivity to view the testing of websites) - Domain: Type the domain for the website you would like to get measurements (e.g.
twitter.com) - Website categories: Select the website category for which you would like to get measurements (e.g.
News Media for news media websites) - ASN: Type the ASN of the network for which you would like to get measurements (e.g.
AS30722 for Vodafone Italia) - Date range: Select the date range of the measurements by adjusting the
From and Until filters - Columns: Select the values that you would like to appear on the horizontal axis of your chart
- Rows: Select the values that you would like to appear on the vertical axis of your chart
Depending on what you would like to explore, adjust the MAT filters accordingly and click Show Chart.
For example, if you would like to check the testing of BBC in all countries around the world:
- Type
www.bbc.com under Domain - Select
Countries under the Rows - Click
Show Chart
This will plot numerous charts based on the OONI Probe testing of www.bbc.com worldwide.
Interpreting MAT charts
The MAT charts (and associated tables) include the following values:
- OK count: Successful measurements (i.e. NO sign of internet censorship)
- Confirmed count: Measurements from automatically confirmed blocked websites (e.g. a block page was served)
- Anomaly count: Measurements that provided signs of potential blocking (however, false positives can occur)
- Failure count: Failed experiments that should be discarded
- Measurement count: Total volume of OONI measurements (pertaining to the selected country, resource, etc.)
When trying to identify the blocking of a service (e.g. twitter.com), it's useful to check whether:
- Measurements are annotated as
confirmed, automatically confirming the blocking of websites - A large volume of measurements (in comparison to the overall measurement count) present
anomalies (i.e. signs of potential censorship)
You can access the raw data by clicking on the bars of charts, and subsequently clicking on the relevant measurement links.
Website categories
OONI Probe users test a wide range of websites that fall under the following 30 standardized categories.
酒精和毒品
專注於毒品和酒精的使用、持有及銷售的網站，無論是否符合本地法律要求。
匿名和翻牆工具
提供匿名、翻牆、代理服務和加密工具的網站。
通訊工具
用於個人和群組通訊的網站和工具。包括網路郵件、VoIP、即時通訊、聊天和移動通訊應用。
文化
有關娛樂、歷史、文學、音樂、電影、書籍、諷刺和幽默的內容。
經濟
整體經濟發展和貧困相關主題、機構以及籌資機會。
環境
汙染、國際環境條約、森林砍伐、環境正義和災害等。
檔案分享
用於分享檔案的網站和工具，包括基於雲服務的檔案儲存、BT 種子以及 P2P 檔案分享工具。
駭客工具
專注電腦安全的網站，包括相關的新聞和工具。包括惡意和非惡意內容。
仇恨言論
根據種族、性別、性取向或其他特徵對特定群體或個人進行詆毀的內容。
託管和部落格平臺
網站託管服務、部落格和其他線上釋出平臺。
人權問題
專注討論各種人權問題的網站。包括女權和少數族裔群體。
LGBTQ+
一系列涉及男同性戀、女同性戀、雙性戀和跨性別的酷兒課題。（不含色情）
其他內容
尚未歸類的網站。（XXX 東西在此處應該被歸類）
新聞媒體
此類別包括主流新聞機構（BBC 和 CNN 等），地區新聞機構和獨立媒體。
線上約會
線上約會服務，可用於交友、釋出個人資料和聊天等。
政治批評
提供政治批判觀點的內容。包括批評人士與部落格作者，以及反對派政治團體。包括親民主和反腐敗，以及呼籲撤換領導層、重視治理問題和司法改革的內容。
性感服裝
展示性感服裝，以及以涉及性的方式形容衣著較少女性的網站。
公共衛生
愛滋病、SARS、禽流感、疾控中心和世界衛生組織等。
宗教
專注於討論宗教問題的網站，包括支援與批評，以及對少數宗教團體的討論。
性教育
包括避孕、禁慾、性傳播疾病、健康性生活、青少年早孕、預防強姦、墮胎、性權利和性健康服務。
恐怖主義和武裝分子
宣傳恐怖主義、暴力激進分子或分裂主義運動的網站。