What is the MAT?
OONI's Measurement Aggregation Toolkit (MAT) is a tool that enables you to generate your own custom charts based on aggregate views of real-time OONI data collected from around the world.
OONI data consists of network measurements collected by OONI Probe users around the world.
These measurements contain information about various types of internet censorship, such as the blocking of websites and apps around the world.
Who is the MAT for?
The MAT was built for researchers, journalists, and human rights defenders interested in examining internet censorship around the world.
Why use the MAT?
When examining cases of internet censorship, it's important to look at many measurements at once ("in aggregate") in order to answer key questions like the following:
- Does the testing of a service (e.g. Facebook) present signs of blocking every time that it is tested in a country? This can be helpful for ruling out false positives.
- What types of websites (e.g. human rights websites) are blocked in each country?
- In which countries is a specific website (e.g.
bbc.com) blocked? - How does the blocking of different apps (e.g. WhatsApp or Telegram) vary across countries?
- How does the blocking of a service vary across countries and ASNs?
- How does the blocking of a service change over time?
When trying to answer questions like the above, we normally perform relevant data analysis (instead of inspecting measurements one by one).
The MAT incorporates our data analysis techniques, enabling you to answer such questions without any data analysis skills, and with the click of a button!
How to use the MAT?
Through the filters at the start of the page, select the parameters you care about in order to plot charts based on aggregate views of OONI data.
The MAT includes the following filters:
- Countries: Select a country through the drop-down menu (the "All Countries" option will show global coverage)
- Test Name: Select an OONI Probe test based on which you would like to get measurements (for example, select
Web Connectivity to view the testing of websites) - Domain: Type the domain for the website you would like to get measurements (e.g.
twitter.com) - Website categories: Select the website category for which you would like to get measurements (e.g.
News Media for news media websites) - ASN: Type the ASN of the network for which you would like to get measurements (e.g.
AS30722 for Vodafone Italia) - Date range: Select the date range of the measurements by adjusting the
From and Until filters - Columns: Select the values that you would like to appear on the horizontal axis of your chart
- Rows: Select the values that you would like to appear on the vertical axis of your chart
Depending on what you would like to explore, adjust the MAT filters accordingly and click Show Chart.
For example, if you would like to check the testing of BBC in all countries around the world:
- Type
www.bbc.com under Domain - Select
Countries under the Rows - Click
Show Chart
This will plot numerous charts based on the OONI Probe testing of www.bbc.com worldwide.
Interpreting MAT charts
The MAT charts (and associated tables) include the following values:
- OK count: Successful measurements (i.e. NO sign of internet censorship)
- Confirmed count: Measurements from automatically confirmed blocked websites (e.g. a block page was served)
- Anomaly count: Measurements that provided signs of potential blocking (however, false positives can occur)
- Failure count: Failed experiments that should be discarded
- Measurement count: Total volume of OONI measurements (pertaining to the selected country, resource, etc.)
When trying to identify the blocking of a service (e.g. twitter.com), it's useful to check whether:
- Measurements are annotated as
confirmed, automatically confirming the blocking of websites - A large volume of measurements (in comparison to the overall measurement count) present
anomalies (i.e. signs of potential censorship)
You can access the raw data by clicking on the bars of charts, and subsequently clicking on the relevant measurement links.
Website categories
OONI Probe users test a wide range of websites that fall under the following 30 standardized categories.
Pombe & dawa ya kulevya
Tovuti zinazohusiana na matumizi, vifaa na uuzwaji wa madawa ya kulevya na pombe kinyume na sheria za sehemu husika.
Vifaa vya kutojulikana na kukwepa udhibiti
Tovuti zinazotoa vifaa vinavyotumika kwa ajili ya kutojulikana mtandaoni, kukwepa udhibiti wa mtandao, huduma za Proxy na usimbaji.
Vifaa vya Mawasiliano
Tovuti na vifaa kwa ajili ya mawasiliano ya mtu binafsi na makundi. Ikijumuisha webmail, VoIP, ujumbe wa papo kwa papo, majadiliano kwa njia ya maandishi na programu za ujumbe mfupi za simu.
Dhibiti maudhui
Maudhui ya wema au kutokuwa na hatia yakitumika kama udhibiti.
Utamaduni
Maudhui yanayohusiana na burudani, historia, fasihi, muziki, filamu, vitabu, ucheshi na dhihaka.
Biashara ya kielektroniki
Tovuti za huduma na bidhaa za biashara.
Uchumi
Maudhui yahusianayo na maendeleo ya kiuchumi na hali ya umaskini, wakala na fursa za kupata ruzuku.
Mazingira
Uchafuzi wa mazingira, mikataba ya kimataifa ya mazingira, ukataji miti, haki za mazingira, majanga nk.
Sambaza faili
Tovuti na vifaa vinavyotumika kusambaza mafaili, ikijumuisha mafaili yanayohifadhiwa mtandaoni, torrents na vifaa P2P vya kusambazia mafaili.
Kamari
Tovuti za kamali za mitandaoni. Ikijumuisha michezo ya kasino, kamali za michezo nk
Michezo
Michezo ya mtandaoni na majukwaa ya michezo, isipokuwa michezo ya kamali.
Serikali
Tovuti zinazoendeshwa na serikali ikiwemo tovuti za jeshi.
Vifaa vya Utapeli
Tovuti zinazolenga usalama wa kompyuta, ikijumuisha habari na vifaa. Inajumuisha maudhui salama na yasiyo na usalama.
Hotuba ya Chuki
Maudhui ya kudharau kundi fulani au watu kwa kuzingatia rangi, jinsia, au sifa zingine
Majukwaa ya kutunza tovuti na Blogi
Huduma za usimamizi wa tovuti, blogi na majukwaa mengine ya uchapishaji mtandaoni.
Maswala ya Haki za Binadamu
Tovuti zinazolenga kujadili masuala ya haki za kibinadamu katika mifumo mbalimbali. Ikijumuisha haki za wanawake na haki za makundi ya watu wachache katika jamii.
Taasisi zinazoingiliana na Serikali
Tovuti za taasisi zinazoingiliana na serikali kama vile Umoja wa Mataifa.
LGBTQ+
Mfululizo masuala ya LGBTQI (bila kuhusisha mambo ya ngono)
Kusambaza vyombo vya habari
Majukwaa ya kusambaza maudhui ya sauti, au video.
Maudhui mtambuka
Tovuti zisizoingia katika kundi lolote (XXX vitu vya hapa vinatakiwa kuwa katika makundi)
Vyombo vya Habari
Kundi hili linahusisha vyombo vya habari vikubwa (BBC, CNN nk) pamoja na taasisi za habari za nchi na vyombo vya habari binafsi.
Mahusiano mtandaoni
Huduma za kutafuta mahusiano mtandaoni ambazo zinaweza kutumika kukutana na watu, kutuma wasifu, mawasiliano nk
Ukosoaji wa Kisiasa
Maudhui yanayolenga hoja za kisiasa. Ikijumuisha watunzi muhimu na watu wa blogi, pamoja na taasisi za pinzani za kisiasa. Ikijumuisha maudhui ya umuhimu wa demokrasia, kupinga rushwa, pamoja na maudhui yanayohamasisha mabadiliko katika uongozi, maswala ya utawala, mabadiliko ya sheria nk.
Picha za ngono
Picha na video za ngono.
Mavazi ya kuchochea
Tovuti zinazoonyesha mavazi ya uchochezi au kumpa mwanamke maudhui ya kingono,kwa kuvaa nusu uchi.
Afya ya Umma
Virusi vinavosababisha Ukimwi, Virusi katika mfumo wa upumiaji, mafua, vituo vya kudhibiti magonjwa, Shirika la afya Duniani nk
Dini
Tovuti zinazohusiana na mijadala ya dini, yote ya kukosoa na kukubaliana, pamoja na imani za watu wachache katika jamii.
Injini za Utafutaji
Programu za kuperuzi na tovuti zinazokuwezesha kupata tovuti zingine.
Elimu ya jinsia
Inajumuisha uzuiaji wa mimba, kujizuia kujamiiana, magonjwa ya zinaa, ngono salama, mimba za utotoni, kuzuia ubakaji, kutoa mimba, haki za kijinsia na huduma za afya ya uzazi.
Mitandao ya Kijamii
Vifaa na majukwaa ya mitandao ya kijamii
Ugaidi na Wanamgambo
Tovuti zinazo hamasisha ugaidi, ukatili wa jeshi au harakati za kujitenga.